Strengthening Community Resilience to Natural Disasters in Mozambique: The Role of Laws, Norms, and Policies in Risk Management

Abstract

The increasing frequency and intensity of natural disasters calls for a coordinated and effective approach to risk management, with an emphasis on community resilience. Mozambique is among the most vulnerable countries in Africa to natural disasters due to its geographic location, exposure to extreme climatic events such as tropical cyclones, floods, and droughts, as well as its economic fragility. This article analyzes the crucial role of laws, norms, and policies in building resilience within Mozambican communities, highlighting the importance of a robust legal framework and effective public policies for disaster risk mitigation and preparedness. Drawing from both local and international examples, the article explores how preventive, educational, and recovery actions can enhance the country’s and communities’ ability to adapt and respond to natural disasters. The study employs a qualitative approach, based on literature review and document analysis. The findings suggest that poor enforcement of legislation, as well as limited involvement and recognition of traditional knowledge in the design of prevention and post-disaster adaptation programs and projects, contributes to increased vulnerability in risk management.