Analysis of Morphodynamics at Gadzene Ocean Beach, Maputo Province, Mozambique

Abstract

This study analyzes the morphodynamics of Gadzene beach, located next to the Incomáti river estuary, in the Marracuene district, Maputo province, developed in a fluvial-marine environment. To analyze the morphodynamics of the beach, a mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative) using the following methods and techniques: bibliographic and documentary research, direct observation and semi-structured interviews with local visitors, namely residents and fishermen. The cartography allowed the georeferencing of the coastline to satellite images from 2012, 2017 and 2022 using the DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) software, an ArcGis 10.5 tool. Statistical analysis was decisive in quantifying the advance and retreat of the coastline. The study revealed that the beach has been undergoing major morphological changes caused by agitation in the contact zone between sea and river water and intensified by human activity, although still incipient. In the area under analysis, measuring approximately 700m, the coastline has retreated 29.3m in 10 years and the scenario in the area is one of beach thinning, destruction of dunes and protective vegetation and public and private infrastructure. Hence the need for planning the use of coastal territory in urban expansion.